Principles of Surveying
The basic principles of surveying can be illustrated by considering the two dimensional system shown in Figure 2. The position (co-ordinates) of point, B relative to the reference point A can be determined if the angle a and the distance AB is known. If the position of point A is defined as 0,0 in the X, Y co-ordinate system the position of point B can be determined by the following equations:
YB = AB Sin a XBB = AB Cos a
Hence the displacement of point B in the X and Y direction can be determined if the angle a and the linear distance between a and B are known. The position of a further point C can be determined by the same procedure. The X and Y displacement of C relative to the reference point A can be determined by adding together the X and Y displacement of Point B to A and those of Point C to B. This process of defining the position of a point relative to a specific reference point can be continued for any number of points.
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Figure 2 Basic Principles of Surveying |
