Physicochemical Pretreatment

31.07.2015 | Автор: spec

The most widespread forms of pretreatments are physicochemical pretreatments; these techniques exploit and use conditions, solvent systems or compounds that affect the physical and chemical properties of biomass. This category includes the popular pretreatment

Table 5.1 Energy requirement of mechanical comminution of agricultural lignocellulosic materials with different size reduction [23].

Lignocellulosic materials	Final size (mm)	Energy consumption (kWh/ton)
Knife mill	Hammer mill
Hardwood	1.60	130	130
2.54	80	120
3.20	50	115
6.35	25	95
Straw	1.60	7.5	42
2.54	6.4	29
Corn Stover	1.60	NA	14
3.20	20	9.6
6.35	15	NA
9.50	3.2	NA

NA = not available

technologies such as steam explosion (or steam pretreatment), liquid hot water pretreatment, ammonia fiber/freeze explosion (AFEX), ammonia recycle percolation (ARP) and soaking aqueous ammonia (SAA), ionic liquid-based pretreatment, cellulose solvent — based lignocellulose fractionation and organosolv pretreatment [20]. In the following sections some of these common pretreatment methods are presented.

Рубрика: Handbook of Cellulosic Ethanol